Here are some of the more well known data sources in the disciplines of Biology and Biochemistry.
Attribution: Most of the archives here, and their descriptions are adapted from those provided in the re3data database and the University of Bath 'Finding and reusing Datasets' Library Guide
Major international repository for data from high-throughput functional genomics data from both microarray and high-throughput sequencing studies.
Genetic and protein interaction data from human proteins and model organisms.
Data on interactions between proteins.
The European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA) is designed to be a repository for all types of sequence and genotype experiments, including case-control, population, and family studies.
NCBI genomics data repository array and sequence-based data.
Data archive for phenotypes from RNA interference screens in Drosophila and Homo sapiens.
Individual-level genetic and de-identified phenotypic data resulting from biomedical research projects.
MassIVE is a community resource developed by the NIH-funded Center for Computational Mass Spectrometry.
Database for metabolomics cross-species, cross-technique experimental data.
Raw data and biological and analytical metadata for metabolomics research.
Database of interactions between Genotypes and Phenotypes including data from GWA studies, medical sequencing, molecular diagnostic assays, and association between genotype and non-clinical traits.
Database of informaiton about nuclear receptors and their co-regulators, ligands and downstream targets.
Proteomic data from high-throughput processes.
Repository of shotgun mass spectrometry proteomics data.